Índice de masa corporal, perímetro abdominal y glucosa en sangre en ayunas en pacientes sometidos a hemodiálisis
Artículos Originales
Bita Bitarafan, Mohammad Shahidi, Zahra Masoumi, Fatemeh Sadat Razavinia, Seyed Ali Moosavi, Abbas Smiley
DOI: 10.53435/funj.00960
Vol. 14, Núm. 2 (2024): Junio 2024
Resumen:
tecedentes: El objetivo del estudio fue observar los patrones de glucosa en sangre en ayunas (GSA), el índice de masa corporal (IMC) y el perímetro abdominal (PA) en pacientes en hemodiálisis y evaluar posibles factores asociados.
Métodos: Estudio transversal realizado en 204 pacientes sometidos a hemodiálisis. Se recopilaron las características de la enfermedad, los factores de estilo de vida, la GSA, el IMC y el PA. El método de muestreo era práctico. Se construyeron modelos de regresión lineal múltiples después del empleo de la eliminación hacia atrás paso a paso para explorar la relación entre GSA/IMC/PA y posibles factores de riesgo. Los modelos se ajustaron según la dieta, el sueño, el estado de ánimo, los factores de estilo de vida y las características de la enfermedad de la población. Los valores P < 0,05 se consideraron significativos.
Resultados: La mayoría (58%) de los pacientes eran varones. La edad media (DE) de la población estudiada fue de 55 (14) años. La prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad fue del 32% y 19%, respectivamente. Se observó una relación significativa entre el IMC y cinco variables: Calidad del sueño (β=0,08, IC 95%, 0,006 a 0,15, P=0,03), duración del sueño nocturno entre semana (β=-1,82, IC 0,049%, -3,64 a -0,007, P= 95), nivel plasmático de fósforo (β=0,76, IC 95%, 0,17 a 1,35, P=0,01), edad (β=0,12, IC 95%, 0,05 a 0,18, P=0,001), y sexo (β=2,01, IC 95%, 0,10 a 3,92, P=0,04). La prevalencia de la obesidad abdominal fue del 38%. Dos variables tuvieron una relación significativa con el PA: la calidad del sueño (β=0,20; IC%, 0,05 a 0,36; P=0,01) y la edad (β=0,28; IC 95%). IC 95%, 0,11 a 0,45, P=0,001). La prevalencia de prediabetes y diabetes fue del 23% y 32%, respectivamente. Se encontraron tres variables asociadas con la GSA: Puntuación del Cuestionario de Impacto de la Fibromialgia (β=1,28, IC 95%, 0,19 a 2,37, P=0,02), la dieta (β=-2,32, IC 95%, -4,33 a -0,31, P=0,02), y el estado de ánimo (β=-1,65, IC 95%, -2,94 a -0,36, P=0,01).
Conclusión: El sueño, la edad y la fibromialgia fueron los factores más significativos y consistentes asociados al IMC/PA/GSA en pacientes con hemodiálisis.
Palabras Clave:
hemodiálisis, glucosa en sangre en ayunas, índice de masa corporal, perímetro abdominal, sueño, estilo de vida
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